diff --git a/src/main/java/com/example/exam/exam/utils/c/JudgementCUtils.java b/src/main/java/com/example/exam/exam/utils/c/JudgementCUtils.java
index e7a8562..d7c357a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/example/exam/exam/utils/c/JudgementCUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/example/exam/exam/utils/c/JudgementCUtils.java
@@ -120,18 +120,22 @@ public class JudgementCUtils
     }
     public static String run_codes(String pathC, String code, String input, String standard, String text) {
         try {
-            boolean hasInput = code.contains("scanf") || code.contains("fgets") || code.contains("getchar");
+            boolean hasInput = code != null && (code.contains("scanf") || code.contains("fgets") || code.contains("getchar"));
 
             File workDir = new File(pathC);
             if (!workDir.exists()) workDir.mkdirs();
 
             boolean isWindows = System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase().contains("win");
+            java.nio.charset.Charset charset = pickCharset(text, isWindows);
+
             String programC = new File(workDir, "program.c").getAbsolutePath();
             String programOut = new File(workDir, isWindows ? "program.exe" : "program.out").getAbsolutePath();
 
-            // 写入 C 源码
-            try (FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(programC)) {
-                writer.write(code);
+            // 写入 C 源码（按指定字符集）
+            try (java.io.OutputStream os = new java.io.FileOutputStream(programC);
+                 java.io.OutputStreamWriter writer = new java.io.OutputStreamWriter(os, charset)) {
+                writer.write(code == null ? "" : code);
+                writer.flush();
             }
 
             // jar 所在目录
@@ -149,21 +153,15 @@ public class JudgementCUtils
             }
 
             // 编译命令
-            ProcessBuilder compileBuilder;
-            if (stdFlag == null) {
-                compileBuilder = new ProcessBuilder(tccExe.getAbsolutePath(), programC, "-o", programOut);
-            } else {
-                compileBuilder = new ProcessBuilder(tccExe.getAbsolutePath(), stdFlag, programC, "-o", programOut);
-            }
+            ProcessBuilder compileBuilder = (stdFlag == null)
+                    ? new ProcessBuilder(tccExe.getAbsolutePath(), programC, "-o", programOut)
+                    : new ProcessBuilder(tccExe.getAbsolutePath(), stdFlag, programC, "-o", programOut);
+
             compileBuilder.directory(workDir);
             compileBuilder.redirectErrorStream(true);
 
             Process compileProcess = compileBuilder.start();
-            StringBuilder compileOutput = new StringBuilder();
-            try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(compileProcess.getInputStream(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8))) {
-                String line;
-                while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) compileOutput.append(line).append("\n");
-            }
+            String compileOutput = readAll(compileProcess.getInputStream(), charset);
             int compileResult = compileProcess.waitFor();
             if (compileResult != 0 || !new File(programOut).exists()) {
                 return "❌ 编译失败，输出：\n" + compileOutput;
@@ -176,29 +174,25 @@ public class JudgementCUtils
             Process runProcess = runBuilder.start();
 
             if (hasInput && input != null) {
-                try (BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(runProcess.getOutputStream()))) {
+                try (java.io.OutputStream os = runProcess.getOutputStream();
+                     java.io.OutputStreamWriter osw = new java.io.OutputStreamWriter(os, charset);
+                     java.io.BufferedWriter bw = new java.io.BufferedWriter(osw)) {
                     bw.write(input);
                     bw.newLine();
                     bw.flush();
                 }
+            } else {
+                // 关闭输入流，避免某些程序等待 STDIN
+                try { runProcess.getOutputStream().close(); } catch (Exception ignore) {}
             }
 
-            ExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
-            Future<String> future = executor.submit(() -> {
-                StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();
-                // 运行过程读取输出
-                try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(
-                        new InputStreamReader(runProcess.getInputStream(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8))) {
-                    String line;
-                    while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) output.append(line).append("\n");
-                }
-                return output.toString();
-            });
+            java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService executor = java.util.concurrent.Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
+            java.util.concurrent.Future<String> future = executor.submit(() -> readAll(runProcess.getInputStream(), charset));
 
             String output;
             try {
-                output = future.get(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
-            } catch (TimeoutException e) {
+                output = future.get(5, java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+            } catch (java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException e) {
                 runProcess.destroyForcibly();
                 future.cancel(true);
                 output = "⏰ 程序运行超时（超过 5 秒）";
@@ -213,6 +207,31 @@ public class JudgementCUtils
             return "运行 C 代码时出错：" + ex.getMessage();
         }
     }
+
+    private static java.nio.charset.Charset pickCharset(String text, boolean isWindows) {
+        if (text != null && !text.isBlank()) {
+            try {
+                return java.nio.charset.Charset.forName(text.trim());
+            } catch (Exception ignore) {
+                // ignore and fallback
+            }
+        }
+        // 常见场景：Windows 中文环境默认 GBK；其他系统默认 UTF-8
+        return isWindows ? java.nio.charset.Charset.forName("GBK") : java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
+    }
+
+    private static String readAll(java.io.InputStream is, java.nio.charset.Charset cs) throws java.io.IOException {
+        try (java.io.InputStream in = is;
+             java.io.InputStreamReader isr = new java.io.InputStreamReader(in, cs);
+             java.io.BufferedReader br = new java.io.BufferedReader(isr)) {
+            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+            String line;
+            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
+                sb.append(line).append('\n');
+            }
+            return sb.toString();
+        }
+    }
     /**
      * 读取文件代码
      * @param filePath 文件路径